Dr. Mahmoud jamal: scheme and memorize

MC cause of Cell injury: Hypoxia
MC cause of Hypoxia: Ischemia
MC cause of Inflammation: Infection
MC cause of Impaired Wound Healing: Infection
MC cause of Acute Cor Pulmonale Pulmonary: Embolism
MC cause of Chronic Cor Pulmonale: COPD
MC cause of Superior Vena Caval Syndrome: Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung Compression
MC cause of Infection in Cystic fibrosis in Children: Staphylococcus aureus
MC cause of Infection in Cystic Fibrosis in adolescents and adults: Pseudomonas aeroginosa
MC cause of Seizure in Newborn: Hypoxia induced Ischemic Encephalopathy
MC cause of Epiglottitis in Children: Hemophilus influenza b
MC Lesion of Diabetic Retinopathy: Diffuse Glomerulosclerosis
MC Lesion in Asbestosis: Benign Pleural Plaques
MC Benign Lesion of Liver: Cavernous Hemangioma
MC Intracranial Lesion after Head Injury: Subdural Hemorrhage
MC cranial Nerve involved in Glomus tumour: Facial Nerve
MC Nerve palsy in Diabetic Retinopathy: Occulomotor
MC Nerve for Peripheral stimulation (Supramaximal Stimulation): Ulnar Nerve (Volar side of Wrist)
MC Nerve involved in Leprosy: 1st Posterior Tibial Nerve 2nd Ulnar Nerve
MC Nerve leading to Abscess: Ulnar Nerve
MC Nerve injured in anterior dislocation of shoulder: Circumflex branch of axillary nerve
MC Nerve injured in Fracture neck of Humerus: Axillary nerve
MC Nerve injured in Lunate Dislocation: Median Nerve
MC Nerve injured in Fracture medial epicondyle of Humerus: Ulnar nerve
MC Nerve injured in Supracondylar fracture of Humerus: 1st Anterior Interosseous Nerve 2nd Median Nerve 3rd Radial Nerve
MC Nerve injured in Forearm fractures especially Monteggia fracture: Posterior interosseous Nerve
MC Nerve involved in Perilunate dislocation: Median Nerve
MC Nerve injured in Posterior Dislocation of Hip: Sciatic nerve
MC Nerve injured in McBurney’s Incision: Iliohypogastric Nerve
MC Nerve involved in Thoracic outlet Syndrome: Ulnar Nerve
MC Nerve affected by Plexiform Neurofibroma: Trigeminal Nerve
MC Nerve injury in Postpartum Female: Common Peroneal Nerve
MC Route of Lead Intoxication: Inhalation
MC Occupational Cancer: Skin(Squamous cell carcinoma)
MC Mental Disorder causing death: Alzheimer’s and Other Dementia
MC Infection of Streptococcus pneumonia: Otitis Media
MC Gram Positive organism causing meningitis: Streptococcus pneumonia
MC Gram Negative organism causing meningitis: Neisseria meningitides
MC Source of Meningococcal meningitides: Carrier
MC Legionella causing Human disease: Legionella Pneumophilia
MC Diagnostic test in Lymphogranulorum venerum: Cell Culture
MC Infection Complicating Organ Transplantation: CMV
MC Genital Lesion in HIV patient: Herpes
MC organ affected in Amoebic Colitis: Caecum
MC organ affected in Visceral Leishmaniasis: Spleen
MC Diagnostic specimen for Visceral Leishmaniasis: Spleen
MC Parasitic Infection of CNS: Cysticercosis
MC Congenital Lesion complicated by Infective Endocarditis: VSD
MC association of Right sided aortic arch Tetrology of Fallot
MC condition associated with Coarctation of Aorta: Bicuspid Aortic Valve
MC Rheumatic Valvular Disease: Mitral Regurgitation
MC Renal Vein Thrombosis seen in Membranous Glomerulonephritis
MC Ectopic Ureter associated with: Dysuria
MC Symptomatic CNS infection in Neonates Rubella,HSV
MC Virus causing Diarrhoea in Infants: Rota Virus
MC Biochemical abnormality in Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis: Hypokalemic Hypochloremic Metabolic alkalosis with Paradoxical aciduria
MC Carcinoma of Breast: Intraductal Carcinoma
MC cells damaged during Hypoxia: Neurons
MC Thyroid carcinoma: Papillary
MC Thyroid carcinoma after radiation Papillary
MC etilogical agent for Lung Abscess: Anaerobic bacteria
MC Chronic Occupational disease in world: Silicosis
MC Renal Stones: Calcium Oxalate
MC CNS Herniation: Transtentorial Herniation
MC Demyelinating Disease: Multiple Sclerosis
MC mutated gene in Human cancer: P53
MC mutation in Hereditary Spherocytosis: Ankyrin
MC mutation in Hereditary Elliptocytosis: Spectrin
MC Congenitally absent muscle in Humans: Pectoralis Major
MC weakened muscle in Osteoarthritis: Quadriceps
MC fractured bone in carpus: Scaphoid
MC Injured organ in Blunt injury abdomen: Spleen
MC Hereditary blood coagulation disorder: Factor V Leiden
MC virus associated with Transfusion Hepatitis: HCV
MC Source of Hemorrhage in Duodenal Ulcer (Arterial): Gastroduodenal Artery
MC Lobe involved in Carcinoma Prostate: Posterior Lobe
MC Zone involved in Carcinoma Prostate: Peripheral Zone
MC Node involved in Ca Prostate Metastasis: Obturator Node
MC Congenital Deformity of Urethra: Hypospadiasis
MC Cancer in Burn Scar: Squamous Cell Carcinoma
MC Origin of Melanoma: Junctional Melanocytes
MC Clinical Pattern of Basal cell carcinoma: Nodular
MC Infection in Dry Wound in Burns: Pseudomonas
MC side of Unilateral Cleft Lip: Left
MC Salivary Gland to get Stones: Submandibular Gland
MC Type of Inflammation: Catarrhal
MC Type of Hemoglobinopathy in World: Thalassemia
MC Type of mutation causing β-Thalassemia: Splicing mutation
MC type of AML: M2
MC type of AML in Down’s Syndrome: M7
MC Type of Ca Penis: Squamous Cell Carcinoma
MC Type of Malignant Melanoma: Superficial Spreading Type
MC cause of Acute Adrenocortical Insufficiency: Abrupt withdrawal of Corticosteroids
MC cause of SIADH: Ectopic ADH by Small Cell Cancer
MC cause of Hyperaldosteronism: Conn’s Syndrome (Adrenocortical Adenoma-Left sided MC)
MC cause of Thyrotoxicosis: Grave’s Disease
MC cause of Hypothyroidism in Iodine Sufficient areas of the world: Autoimmune Hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis)
MC cause of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid Adenoma
MC cause of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: Renal Failure
MC cause of Hypoparathyroidism: Surgical Removal of Parathyroid Gland
MC cause of Panhypopituitarism: Pituitary adenoma
MC cause of Cushing’s Syndrome: Administration of Exogenous Corticosteroids
MC cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: 21α Hydroxylase Deficiency
MC cause of Right Heart Failure: Left Heart Failure
MC cause of Ascending Aorta Aneurysm: Hypertension
MC cause of Secondary Raynaud Phenomenon: Systemic Sclerosis
MC cause of Acute bacterial Endocarditis: Staphylococcus aureus
MC cause of Subacute Endocarditis: α Hemolytic Streptococci(Viridans)
MC cause of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: Staphylococcus epidermidis(Coagulase negative
MC cause of endocarditis in IV drug users: Staphylococcus aureus
MC cause of Bleeding during Tonsillectomy: Paratonsillar Vein
MC cause of arterial bleeding during Tonsillectomy: Tonsillar Branch of Facial Artery
MC cause of Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy: Ca Bronchus
MC cause of Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy: Thyroid Surgery
MC bacterial cause of Pustule: Streptococcus pyogenes
MC cause of Cellulitis: Streptococcus pyogenes
MC cause of Lobar Pneumonia: Streptococcus pnemoniae
MC cause of Bronchopneumonia: Staphylococcus aureus
MC cause of Otitis Media: Streptococcus pneumonia
MC cause of Septicaemia in Asplenic patient: Streptococcus pneumonia
MC cause of gas gangrene: Clostridium perfringens(A type)
MC cause of actinomycosis: Actinomyces Israeli
MC cause of mycetoma: Fungi
MC cause of UTI: E.coli
MC cause of Catheter associated UTI: E.coli
MC cause of Intraabdominal Abscess: E.coli
MC cause of Acute Bacterial Peritonitis: 1st E.coli 2nd Klebsiella
MC cause of Salmonella gastroenteritis: Salmonella typhimurum
MC bacterial cause of Traveller’s Diarrhoea: ETEC
MC viral cause of Traveller’s Diarrhoea: Rota virus
MC parasitic cause of Traveller’s Diarrhoea: Giardia
MC cause of Pyrexia of Unknown Origin: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
MC cause of Blood stained nipple discharge: Intraductal Papilloma
MC cause of Adenomatoid cancer: Follicular Carcinoma
MC cause of Thyroiditis: Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
MC cause of Esophagitis: Esophageal Reflux
MC cause of Esophageal Perforation: Instrumentation